Frye H.A., Z. Muscavitch & B. Goffinet. 2021. Discovery of epiphytic lichens in Connecticut suggests novel introduction and reintroduction via horticultural practices. The Bryologist 124: 191–197. pdf

Abstract reads: The discovery of Teloschistes chrysophthalmus in Connecticut more than one hundred years since its last known occurrence is argued to result from human introduction. The species only occurred on the horticultural tree, Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis, planted on the University of Connecticut campus. Gleditsia triacanthos is not indigenous to northeastern North America but is widespread in the central United States. Other epiphytic macrolichens also recorded on this phorophyte include Punctelia bolliana and Parmotrema austrosinense, both widespread in the central United States, and new to Connecticut and New England, respectively. This is likely the first reported case of combined introductions of lichenized fungi in North America through the import of ornamental trees.

DOUBLE congratulations to Zach Muscavitch, co-advised by Drs. Louise Lewis and B. Goffinet for his recent grant of $500 from the Northeast Algal Society to explore the hidden diversity of the green algal genus Trebouxia lichenized with fungi of the Ramalinaceae, AND of $1,200 from the American Society of Plant Taxonomists to explore specificity in the association between the species of fungal symbiont (i.e., Niebla s. lat.) and its algal partner of the genus Trebouxia .

Dong S., S. Zhang, L. Zhang, H. Wu, B. Goffinet & Y. Liu. 2021. Plastid genomes and phylogenomics of the early land plant liverworts (Marchantiophyta): conserved genome structure and highest plastid substitution rates among three genetic compartments. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 161: 107171.  pdf  Google Scholar.

Highlights

• We newly generated 42 complete liverwort plastomes spreading 13 out of 15 liverwort orders.This study confirmed the conserved structural evolution of liverwort plastomes despite characterization of two structural variants in simple thalloid liverworts, including one newly reported structural variant of Pallavicinia lyellii.
• Our plastid phylogenomic reconstruction cemented the backbone phylogeny of liverwort and consistently supported the sister relationship of Ptilidium with Porellales.
• In liverworts, plastid protein-coding genes have the highest substitution rates, they are on average 1.5-fold, 15-fold that of their nuclear, and mitochondrial counterparts.

Congratulations to Zach Muscavitch, a member of the Louise Lewis & Goffinet lab, for being awarded $1,900, a Grant in Aid of Research from the Phycological Society of America for his project “Developing a novel genomic resource for identifying lichen photobiont diversity and understanding the evolution of symbiont specificity“.

Storrs L. Olson, an international renowned ornithologist and emeritus curator of birds at The National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, passed away on January 20, 2020 in Fredericksburg, VA. Storrs Olson was also a passionate bryologist, inspired by a bryology course taught by Ruth Breen (author of the Mosses of Florida, 1963, University of Florida Press Gainesville) at Florida State University.

Storrs had acquired a comprehensive library of bryological literature that included one of 250 copies of John Dillenius’ 1741 Historia Muscorum, Hedwig’s 1801 Species Muscorum Frondosorum and Schwägrichen’s 1830 Species Muscorum Frondosorum.

In 2008, Storrs donated his entire library to the University of Connecticut in support of bryological research, and the collection of books and reprints is housed in the library of the Biodiversity Research Collection as the Storrs L. Olson bryological library. Through financial support from Storrs, his mother and various donors, the library continues to grow, and currently holds close to 1800 publications.

We remain grateful for his support. Our sincere condolences to his family. Obituary

Yu J., L. Li, S. Wang, S. Dong, Z. Chen, N. Patel, B. Goffinet, H. Chen, H. Liu & Y. Liu. 2021. Draft genome of the aquatic moss Fontinalis antipyretica (Fontinalaceae, Bryophyta). Gigabyte (online November 2020). pdf

Abstract read: Mosses comprise one of three lineages forming a sister group to extant vascular plants. Having emerged from an early split in the diversification of embryophytes, mosses may offer complementary insights into the evolution of traits following the transition to, and colonization of, land. Here, we report the draft nuclear genome of Fontinalis antipyretica  (Fontinalaceae, Hypnales), a charismatic aquatic moss that is widespread in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. We sequenced and de novo-assembled its genome using the 10X Genomics method. The genome comprises 385.2 Mbp, with a scaffold N50 of 45.8 Kbp. The assembly captured 87.2% of the 430 genes in the BUSCO Viridiplantae odb10 dataset. The newly generated F. antipyretica genome is the third moss genome, and the second seedless aquatic plant genome, to be sequenced and assembled to date.

Outcomes of our expedition of 2018 to the subantarctic Chilean island of Diego Ramirez have now been published in this issue of Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia.

Mackenzie R., O. Vidal, S. Rosenfeld, T. Contador, O. Barroso, B. Goffinet, F. Massardo, P. Arce-Johnson & R. Rozzi. 2020. Flora vascular y ausencia de especies exóticas en el archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S), Chile. Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia 48(3): 138–148. pdf

Goffinet B., J.J. Engel, M. von Konrat, R. MacKenzie, T. Contador, S. Rosenfeld, O. Barroso & R. Rozzi. 2020. Bryophyte records from Isla Gonzalo, Diego Ramirez Islands, Americas’ deep southern ocean archipelago. Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia 48(3): 127–138. pdf

Marambio J., S. Rosenfeld, J. P. Rodríguez, F. Méndez, T. Contador, R. Mackenzie, B. Goffinet, R. Rozzi & A. Mansilla. 2020. Siete nuevos registros de macroalgas para el archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S): el valor del nuevo parque marino como sumidero de carbono y conservación de la biodiversidad subantártica. Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia 48(3): 99–111. pdf

Contador T., J. Rendoll, R. Mackenzie, S. Rosenfeld, O. Barroso, R. Rozzi, B. Goffinet, J. Kennedy & P. Convey, P. 2020. Comunidades de Invertebrados Terrestres en el Archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°, 31’s) y sus Afinidades con las Islas Sub-Antárticas del Océano Austral. Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia 48(3): 83–98. pdf

Rozzi R., R.D. Credo, T. Contador, E. Schüttler, S. Rosenfeld, R. MacKenzie, O. Barroso, E.A. Silva-Rodríguez, X. Álvarez Bustos, A. Silva, I. Ramírez, J. Mella, J. Herreros, J. Rendoll-Cárcamo, J. Marambio, J. Ojeda, F. Méndez, K.P. Moses, J. Kennedy, S. Russell, B. Goffinet, F. Aguirre, L. Sánchez-Jardón, E. Barros, R.A. Vásquez, E. Poulin, F. Squeo, J.J. Armesto, A. Mansilla & F. Massardo. 2020. Extensión de la Red de Estudios Socio-Ecológicos a Largo Plazo (LTSER-Chile) en la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos y el Nuevo Parque Marino Islas Diego Ramírez-Paso Drake (Extension of the long term socio-ecological research network (LTSER-Chile) in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve and the new marine park Diego Ramirez Islands Drake passage). Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia 48(3): 45–81. pdf

Rahmatpour N., N.V. Perera, V. Singh, J.L. Wegrzyn & B. Goffinet. 2021. High gene space divergence contrasts with frozen vegetative architecture in the moss family Funariaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 154: (in press).pdf  Google scholar

Abstract reads: A new paradigm has slowly emerged regarding the diversification of bryophytes, with inferences from molecular data highlighting a dynamic evolution of their genome. However, comparative studies of expressed genes among closely related taxa is so far missing. Here we contrast the dimensions of the vegetative transcriptome of Funaria hygrometrica and Physcomitrium pyriforme against the genome of their relative, Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. These three species of Funariaceae share highly conserved vegetative bodies, and are partially sympatric, growing on mineral soil in mostly temperate regions. We analyzed the vegetative gametophytic transcriptome of F. hygrometrica and P. pyriforme and mapped short reads, transcripts, and proteins to the genome and gene space of P. patens. Only about half of the transcripts of F. hygrometrica map to their ortholog in P. patens, whereas at least 90% of those of P. pyriforme align to loci in P. patens. Such divergence is unexpected given the high morphological similarity of the gametophyte but reflects the estimated times of divergence of F. hygrometrica and P. pyriforme from P. patens, namely 55 and 20 mya, respectively. The newly sampled transcriptomes bear signatures of at least one, rather ancient, whole genome duplication (WGD), which may be shared with one reported for P. patens. The transcriptomes of F. hygrometrica and P. pyriforme reveal significant contractions or expansions of different gene families. While transcriptomes offer only an incomplete estimate of the gene space, the high number of transcripts obtained suggest a significant divergence in gene sequences, and gene number among the three species, indicative of a rather strong, dynamic genome evolution, shaped in part by whole, partial or localized genome duplication. The gene ontology of their specific and rapidly-evolving protein families, suggests that the evolution of the Funariaceae may have been driven by the diversification of metabolic genes that may optimize the adaptations to environmental conditions, a hypothesis well in line with ecological patterns in the genetic diversity and structure in seed plants.

Sánchez-Jordón, L., B. Goffinet & R. Rozzi. 2020. Los colonizadores vegetales del estrecho de Magallanes y su función indicadora en el cambio climático. Adumbrationes as Summae Editionem 94: 1–14. (with photographs by J.F. Soza & B. Goffinet). pdf

A miscellaneous work that combines a brief historical account of a series of three discoveries in the southern region extreme of South America, from the last ice age to the present day, with the taxonomic, morphological description and geographical distributions, functions in the ecosystem and utilities for man of 9 representative taxa of colonizing organisms of the Strait of Magellan, with their respective photographs.